Free Essays on Pi Number

A mostly secret section in the holy book peruses â€Å"And he made a liquid ocean, ten cubits from the one edge to the next; it was round about, and his tallness was five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits compassed it about (I Kings 7, 23).† This entry from the good book shows the antiquated idea of the silly number pi. Pi in reality is referenced in various sections all through the good book. In II Chronicles 4,2, in the entry portraying the structure of the incredible sanctuary of Solomon which was worked around 950BC, pi is given as equivalent to three. This worth isn't exact at all and ought not be viewed as precise for it’s time, anyway it ought to be noticed that exactness was not required for the assignment that was being performed and we should let the general idea of pi that the scriptural characters groups intrigue us. Present information recommends that the idea of pi previously created in 2000 BC in two separate societies. The Babylonians utilized pi at an estimation of 25/8 while a completely extraordinary culture, the old Egyptians utilized pi at an estimation of 256/81. While the scriptural computation of pi=3 in all likelihood originated from rough estimation, there is solid motivation to accept, as a result of the general precision of the qualities, that the Babylonians and Egyptians discovered pi by methods for scientific conditions. In the Egyptian Rhind Papyrus, which is dated around 1650 BC, there is solid proof supporting that the Egyptians utilized 4(8/9)2 =3.16 for their estimation of pi. By then ever, and for most of present day history, pi was not seen as a nonsensical number as it is today. The following society that explored pi was the antiquated Greeks. Beginning in 434 BC Greeks were unwinding the puzzles of pi. The mathematician Anaxagoras tried to discover pi, which he called squaring the hover and in 414 BC, 20 years after Anaxagoras bombed in his endeavor to square the circle, Aristophanes alludes to crafted by Anaxagoras in his parody... Free Essays on Pi Number Free Essays on Pi Number A mostly secret refrain in the good book peruses â€Å"And he made a liquid ocean, ten cubits from the one edge to the next; it was round about, and his tallness was five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits compassed it about (I Kings 7, 23).† This section from the holy book shows the old idea of the unreasonable number pi. Pi in actuality is referenced in various stanzas all through the holy book. In II Chronicles 4,2, in the section depicting the structure of the incredible sanctuary of Solomon which was worked around 950BC, pi is given as equivalent to three. This worth isn't exact at all and ought not be viewed as exact for it’s time, anyway it ought to be noticed that exactness was not required for the errand that was being performed and we should let the general idea of pi that the scriptural characters gangs dazzle us. Present information recommends that the idea of pi originally created in 2000 BC in two separate societies. The Babylonians utilized pi at an esti mation of 25/8 while a completely extraordinary culture, the old Egyptians utilized pi at an estimation of 256/81. While the scriptural estimation of pi=3 undoubtedly originated from unrefined estimation, there is solid motivation to accept, in light of the overall exactness of the qualities, that the Babylonians and Egyptians discovered pi by methods for numerical conditions. In the Egyptian Rhind Papyrus, which is dated around 1650 BC, there is solid proof supporting that the Egyptians utilized 4(8/9)2 =3.16 for their estimation of pi. By then ever, and for most of current history, pi was not seen as an unreasonable number as it is today. The following society that examined pi was the antiquated Greeks. Beginning in 434 BC Greeks were disentangling the puzzles of pi. The mathematician Anaxagoras tried to discover pi, which he called squaring the hover and in 414 BC, 20 years after Anaxagoras flopped in his endeavor to square the circle, Aristophanes alludes to crafted by Anaxagora s in his satire...

Why do people choose to take Complementary Medicines and Therapies Essay

For what reason do individuals decide to take Complementary Medicines and Therapies - Essay Example Here the emphses re rther extraordinary. While mny of the subjects my appear fmilir from the approach driven gend-regultion, the proof bse, utilization of CM by generl prctitioners (GPs), medical caretakers nd others-they re treted in altogether different wy. ssumptions re chllenged; thought processes nd strtegies re investigated. CM is first nd chief exmined s point deserving of study in its own right, s historiclly explicit socil item. Phenomen re concentrated in their socil setting. It is this sociologicl rther thn strategy driven strting point tht supports this investigation. While the reserch secured thus my give bits of knowledge of prcticl benefits, tht isn't usully its fundmentl reason. I need to communicate my appreciation to individuals who took an interest in my examination. They were of incredible assistance as through the meetings I directed it got conceivable to finish the exploration. I am likewise recognized to my educator, Mr INSERT THE NAME, who taught me during structure of my theory. Likewise I need to make reference to my better half/guardians, who helped through composition and research. I feel regarded to know such incredible individuals and am upbeat that this point is of such a wide intrigue. Complementry nd lterntive medication (CM) is currently mjor prt of the helthcre framework in ll dvnced social orders. It is lso regular prt of talk in medication nd helthcre. This development of intrigue hs just prtilly been mtched by cdemic investigation of it. In reality, over late yers there hs been n incresing acknowledgment tht CM is essentilly under-reserched (House of Lords 2000). In any case, with this acknowledgment hs come n incresing concentrtion on prticulr type of reserch-tht gered towrds the creation of n proof bse nd/or n immedite relevnce to arrangement nd prctice. There ws n extrordinry development in the utilization of complementry nd lterntive therpies nd medications (CM) in the ltter hlf of the twentieth century in Europe, ustrli, Cnd nd the US (Ernst 2000; Sks 2001; Wootton nd Sprber 2001). This pper sets out a portion of the explntions tht hve been introduced to help understnd this extrordinry development nd, at every possible opportunity, exmines empiricl studies to evlute, change or broaden those explntions The globl degree of the development nd the globl chnge in sttus nd nomenclture mens tht the reson for the chnges cn not be found by exmining explicit nation's helthcre frameworks. Nor cn it be found by exmining helth suppliers or even by looking t individuals who re wiped out. Wiped out individuals do go to CM, yet the dys when specialists could excuse lterntive medication s the lst asylum of the terminlly sick re long

New Student Photo Series 2012 Post #7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2012 Post #7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog We took a brief  Blog hiatus but were back with some more photo submissions.   We received a few in the past few weeks so we will post them in the next week or so before the class arrives for Orientation on August 27th. ___ Todays first set of photographs were submitted by Elisa Dumitrescu, an incoming MPA student. ___ All photos submitted  were taken in various locations in Kenya. A  tailor working on the roadside at one of the busiest junctions in Nairobi A  bicycle belonging to a security guard. Most people in Kenya either walk or cycle to work or take a minibus (matatu) at some point in their commute Photo was taken at one of the major used clothing markets in Nairobi Mutumba/Toy Market. Clothes are often sold in large bundles for 50 shillings a piece (less than a dollar). Some local children in Lamu, Kenya on Shela beach ___ The second set of photos were submitted by Nancy Widjaja, an incoming MPA-DP student. ___ My best friend Liyana visited me in Bangkok in 2011 and we decided to take a detour from the usual shopping spa routine to drive about 2.5 hours out of the city to Wat Pha Luang Ta Bua, more famously known as the Tiger Temple, in Kanchaburi province. The Theravada Buddhist temple cares for about 100 tigers and tiger cubs (most roam freely or with a simple leash!). We had the awesome opportunity of playing with about ten cute tiger cubs and we even got to bottle-feed them. They were really cute, but don’t be fooled by their innocent looks…they do bite and scratch  hard! I was really excited when I was sent to Beirut, Lebanon, to attend an OECD conference in October 2010. I had heard  that Beirut is a very pretty city, but all my expectations were surpassed! The people were also very nice and warm (and beautiful!). This picture is one of my favorite from my Beirut photo set. Here the gorgeous Mohammad Al-Amin mosque, an Ottoman-style mosque established by the late Prime Minister Rafik Hariri and inaugurated in 2008, sits side by side with Saint George Maronite Cathedral, established in late 19th century. You can also see ruins of ancient Roman structures in the foreground. For me, it offers a taste of how beautifully diverse and rich in heritage Lebanon is. The other ‘perk’ of living in Bangkok is that you get to do the famous Muay Thai (Thai Kickboxing) with one of the real master kickboxers. I have to admit that I quit after 2 exercise sessions way too strenuous for someone who has been living in a sedentary life for quite a while!

Demeter and the Abduction of Persephone

The story of the abduction of Persephone is more a story about Demeter than it is about her daughter Persephone, so were starting this re-telling of the rape of Persephone beginning with her mother Demeters relationship with one of her brothers, her daughters father, the king of the gods, who refused to step in to help—at least in a timely manner. Demeter, goddess of the earth and grain, was sister to Zeus, as well as Poseidon and Hades. Because Zeus betrayed her by his involvement in the rape of Persephone, Demeter left Mt.Olympus to wander among men. Hence, although a throne on Olympus was her birthright, Demeter is sometimes not counted among the Olympians. This secondary status did nothing to lessen her importance for the Greeks and Romans. The worship associated with Demeter, the Eleusinian Mysteries, endured until it was suppressed in the Christian era. Demeter and Zeus Are Parents of Persephone Demeters relationship with Zeus had not always been so strained: He was the father of her much-loved, white-armed daughter, Persephone. Persephone grew up to be a beautiful young woman who enjoyed playing with the other goddesses on Mt. Aetna, in Sicily. There they gathered and smelled the beautiful flowers. One day, a narcissus caught Persephones eye, so she plucked it to get a better look, but as she pulled it from the ground, a rift formed... Demeter had not been watching too carefully. After all, her daughter was grown. Besides, Aphrodite, Artemis, and Athena were there to watch—or so Demeter assumed. When Demeters attention returned to her daughter, the young maiden (called Kore, which is Greek for maiden) had vanished. Where Was Persephone? Aphrodite, Artemis, and Athena didnt know what had happened, it had been so sudden. One moment Persephone was there, and the next she wasnt. Demeter was beside herself with grief. Was her daughter dead? Abducted? What had happened? No one seemed to know. So Demeter roamed the countryside looking for answers. Zeus Goes Along With Persephones Abduction After Demeter had wandered for 9 days and nights, searching for her daughter as well as taking out her frustrations by randomly torching the earth, the 3-faced goddess Hekate told the anguished mother that while she had heard Persephones cries, she had not been able to see what had happened. So Demeter asked Helios, the sun god—he had to know since he sees all that happens above the ground during the day. Helios told Demeter that Zeus had given their daughter to The Invisible (Hades) for his bride and that Hades, acting on that promise, had taken Persephone home to the Underworld. The imperious king of the gods  Zeus  had dared to give  Demeters daughter Persephone away to Hades, the dark lord of the Underworld, without asking! Imagine Demeters outrage at this revelation. When the sun god  Helios  insinuated that  Hades  was a good match, it added insult to injury. Demeter and Pelops Rage soon reverted to great sorrow. It was during this period that Demeter absentmindedly ate a piece of Pelops shoulder at a banquet for the gods. Then came depression, which meant Demeter couldnt even think about doing her work. Since the goddess wasnt providing food, soon no one would eat. Not even Demeter. Famine would strike mankind. Demeter and Poseidon It didnt help when Demeters third brother, the lord of the sea,  Poseidon, turned against her as she wandered in Arcadia. There he tried to rape her. Demeter saved herself by turning into a mare grazing along with the other horses. Unfortunately, horse-god Poseidon easily spotted his sister, even in mares form, and so, in stallion form, Poseidon raped the horse-Demeter. If ever she had given a thought to returning to live on Mt. Olympus, this was the clincher. Demeter Wanders the Earth Now, Demeter was not a heartless goddess. Depressed, yes. Vengeful? Not particularly, but she did expect to be treated well—at least by mortals—even in the guise of an old Cretan woman. Gecko Killing Pleases Demeter By the time Demeter reached Attica, she was more than parched. Given water to drink, she took the time to sate her thirst. By the time she had stopped, an on-looker, Ascalabus, was laughing at the gluttonous old woman. He said she didnt need a cup, but a tub to drink out of. Demeter was insulted, so throwing water at Ascalabus, she turned him into a gecko.Then Demeter continued on her way about another fifteen miles. Demeter Gets a Job Upon arriving at Eleusis, Demeter sat down by an old well where she began to cry. Four daughters of Celeus, the local chieftain, invited her to meet their mother, Metaneira. The latter was impressed with the old woman and offered her the position of nurse to her infant son. Demeter accepted. Demeter Tries to Make an Immortal In exchange for the hospitality shed been extended, Demeter wanted to do a service for the family, so she set about to make the baby immortal by the usual immersion in fire and ambrosia technique. It would have worked, too, if Metaneira hadnt spied on the old nurse one night as she suspended the ambrosia-anointed infant over the fire. The mother screamed. Demeter, indignant, put the child down, never to resume the treatment, then revealed herself in all her divine glory, and demanded that a temple is built in her honor where she would teach her worshipers her special rites. Demeter Refuses to Do Her Work After the temple was built Demeter continued to reside at Eleusis, pining for her daughter and refusing to feed the earth by growing grain. No one else could do the work since Demeter had never taught anyone else the secrets of agriculture. Persephone and Demeter Reunited Zeus—ever mindful of the gods need for worshipers—decided he had to do something to placate his raging sister  Demeter. When soothing words wouldnt work, as a last resort Zeus sent  Hermes  to  Hades  to bring the daughter of Demeter back up to the light. Hades agreed to let his wife Persephone go back, but first, Hades offered Persephone a farewell meal. Persephone knew she couldnt eat in the Underworld if she ever hoped to return to the land of the living, and so she had diligently observed a fast, but Hades, her would-be husband, was so kind now that she was about to return to her mother Demeter, that Persephone lost her head for a second—long enough to eat a pomegranate seed or six. Perhaps  Persephone  didnt lose her head. Perhaps she had already grown fond of her implacable husband. At any rate, according to a covenant among the gods, the consumption of food guaranteed that Persephone would be allowed (or forced) to return to the Underworld and Hades. And so it was arranged that Persephone could be with her mother Demeter for two-thirds of the year, but would spend the remaining months with her husband. Accepting this compromise, Demeter agreed to let seeds sprout from the earth for all but three months a year—the time known as winter—when Demeters daughter Persephone was with Hades. Spring returned to the earth and would again every year when Persephone returned to her mother Demeter. To further show her goodwill to man, Demeter gave another of Celeus sons, Triptolemus, the first grain of corn and lessons in ploughing and harvesting. With this knowledge, Triptolemus traveled the world, spreading Demeters gift of agriculture.

Biography Of Klaus s World Ripped Apart - 1482 Words

At eight years old, Klaus’s world ripped apart. In his juvenile mind, the forest he loved was being murdered. All of his happy memories took place there, including the only memories he shared with his father. Loggers chopped down all the trees—his mother said new houses were being built there. But Klaus could not understand why they had to take away his forest, and his memories. ***20 years later*** Klaus decided to become a certified environmentalist. After years of college and not being taken seriously, he was now ready to do something to be proud of. He needed to save a forest! Nobody understood why Klaus wanted to be an environmentalist. He had a very high intelligence--perhaps even bright enough to be a successful lawyer or a doctor; but instead, he chose to be a â€Å"tree-hugger†, as people called it. Klaus knew his chosen profession was mocked, but he knew that he was needed. For Klaus’s first assignment, he was to travel to the pint-sized town of Wellington, located right on the edge of a forest and a large river. Upon Klaus’s first arrival, the town’s Sheriff met him at the house he would be staying at. The Sheriff, who Klaus thought he could count on to want the forest to be saved, turned out to be the exact opposite. The Sheriff wanted to build a lodge deep in the forest, which would mean the trees would be cut down for building the lodge, and for roads to get to and from the lodge. The river, a place salmon passed through on their journey to the ocean, was not

Creativity and Innovation in Indian Banks Free Essays

string(27) " free of any bank charges\." Topic: Innovative products by Indian organizations in the Banking Sector Akshita Shetty Student K J Somaiya Institute of management studies and research PGDM (RM) Roll no: 56 Email id:ashetty14189@gmail. com Abstract During the past one decade, one of the sectors which underwent visible sea-change through innovative strategies is undoubtedly the banking sector. The sector has been growing at a fast pace in India and is challenged with several aspects like new regulations from time to time, changing customer needs and perceptions, changing technology and changing operations. We will write a custom essay sample on Creativity and Innovation in Indian Banks or any similar topic only for you Order Now Technology has been playing a crucial role in the tremendous improvement of banking services and operations. Indian banking industry has moved way ahead both in terms of offering value added services and delivering quality service. It was thought that the world financial crisis would impact the Indian banking sector in a serious manner. But, because of the strong foundations of Indian banking system with the support from well structured financial systems, the anticipated impact of the world crisis was almost insignificant. Instead, it helped the banks to get strengthened further and become closer to the customer with innovative approaches. Banks appear to be on the path of achieving sustainability and a long-term survival because of innovation. Keywords: Innovation in banking, technology in banking, changes in banking, transformation in banking, IT in banking, Indian banking. Introduction Technology has brought about a complete paradigm shift in the functioning of banks and delivery of banking services. Gone are the days when every banking transaction required a visit to the bank branch. Today, most of the transactions can be done from the comforts of one’s home and customers need not visit the bank branch for anything. Technology is no longer an enabler, but a business driver. The growth of the internet, mobiles and communication technology has added a different dimension to banking. The information technology (IT) available today is being leveraged in customer acquisitions, driving automation and process efficiency, delivering ease and efficiency to customers. Many of the IT initiatives of banks started in the late 1990s or early 2000 with an emphasis on the adoption of core banking solutions (CBS), automation of branches and centralization of operations in the CBS. Over the last decade, most of the banks completed the transformation to technology-driven organizations. Moving from a manual, scale-constrained environment to a global presence with automated systems and processes, it is difficult to envisage the adverse scenario the sector was in the era before the reforms, when a simple deposit or withdrawal of cash would require a day. ATMs, mobile banking and online bill payments facilities to vendors and utility service providers have almost obviated the need for customers to visit a branch. Branches are also transforming from operating as transaction processing points into relationship management hubs. The change has been very productive for banks bringing in an increase in productivity and operational efficiency to be more competitive. Better risk management due to centralization of information and real time availability of critical data for decision making. With most of the banks being technology-enabled, the focus is shifting to computerizing regional rural banks (RRBs). In addition, banks are moving toward decision making and business intelligence software and trying to optimize the IT infrastructure created The banking system in India has created a niche for itself in the current competitive global arena where adoption of new and innovative technological developments carries the key to expansion of business and its future development. The Indian banking system has come a long way from being a player restricted to domestic boundaries to a leading giant in the world of financial services across the globe. Credit for this progress goes to a mix of factors like, the introduction of various economic reforms which gave a boost to the banking sector, adoption of new technology by banks in order to streamline their line of businesses and increasing profits by improving cost efficiency and offering doorstep banking convenience to their customers. Banking ‘Then’ and ‘Now’ Indian villages were deprived of various financial products like mutual funds, insurance and equity trading hitherto, which are now accessible through proxy banking in the form of Internet kiosks and ATMs. The alias given to banking which is not routed through branches is ‘Channel Migration’. Through this route, a bouquet of services is at the customers’ disposal in today’s banking system. This is possible because banking transactions are stored in a centrally located server with which all other branches of a bank are connected. The technological systems in India are considered far more advanced than those of Russian and Chinese banking systems but are lagging far behind the UK, USA and Singapore. Connectivity takes root Today almost all scheduled commercial banks are connected to all the branches on a real time basis extending the anywhere banking facility to the customers, which means that it is not necessary for a customer now to visit the branch personally in order to conduct transactions. Now a customer has various other options available with him like internet banking, mobile banking, ATMs (automated teller machines), phone banking which offers 24 X 7 banking, etc. Whenever and wherever a transaction is done in a bank account, the updated status is reflected in all the branches, thus making anywhere banking possible. ATMs have revolutionalized the banking sector by making cash and other banking services available to customers at all times. Future Outlook The future of Indian banking lies in increased investment in technology platforms and a greater focus on end-to-end solutions provided by IT majors like core banking products, vertical specific CRM and risk management software. Body scope Innovation by Indian banks in aspects such as: Service banking ATMS’s Net banking Mobile banking ECS/RTGS/NEFT Debit card/credit cards CRM (customer service) Case studies: (for example) South Indian Bank: The salary disbursement of corporates , firms and such others who maintain accounts with any of the 511 CBS branches would be managed by the Bank, hassle-free and free of any bank charges. You read "Creativity and Innovation in Indian Banks" in category "Essay examples" The employer would be benefited in that the salary could be disbursed to any employees/any single employee who are/is working even in far-off places where SIB has no presence. Dr. V. A. Joseph ,Chairman CEO of the Bank and Mr. M. P. Gopalakrishnan,President ,CMS Trust jointly launched the product . In his inaugural address Dr. Joseph said, †This convenience banking product, which is designed for the convenience of both employers and employees, leverages the bank’s strong technology platform, which connects all the 511 branches and 26 extension counters of the Bank under Core Banking Solutions network offering anytime banking to its customers. GSSA can be opened with zero balance†. The Chairman and CEO of the Bank also stated, â€Å"South Indian Bank, being a customer – oriented Bank is striving hard to render personalized customer service using the latest technological capabilities. The technological capability of the Bank was recognised when the Bank could bag the banking technology excellence award from IDRBT which is the technical arm of RBI. The service quality of the Bank has also been recognized when the Bank was selected in the ‘Outlook Money – C Fore’ survey as the best private sector Bank in India in the service quality segment. . Dr. Joseph also referred to the facility recently started for online booking of offerings, free of bank charges , through South Indian Bank payment gateway-the first bank to go online booking -by the customers of the bank who are devotees of Guruvayur Sreekrishna Temple which is described as the Dwaraka of South India. This facility is being utilized by the NRIs also to effect offerings, hassle â €“free with greater transparency and security at the click of a button ,either for themselves or their aged parents resident in India.. South Indian Bank had completed on 26. 03. 07 the project ‘SIBertech’ by introducing a centralised Core Banking Solution in technology partnership with Infosys Technologies when many banks had not even started implementation of CBS . SIB, had started this project in 2001 to render personalized customer service. The new product now launched would confirm this belief†, the Chairman concluded his inaugural address. With the following carefully thought-out value additions of this innovative convenience banking product , banking for employers and their employees, is made extremely easy and comfortable: – * ;Free International ATM-cum-Debit Card for which annual maintenance charges are not collected * Online booking of offerings for Lord Sri Guruvayurappan, free of bank charges * O  Withdrawal of cash from the ATMs of other Banks free of bank charges (As charges would be borne by SIB) * O  Free utility payment and e-commerce services * ;No stipulation on minimum balance ;The depositor enjoying many freebies can earn the usual SB interest * ;The depositor can operate his SB account –during his travel/temporary transfer /transfer- hassle-free * ;The account can be closed /transferred to another branch with out any charge * ;Free of cost cheque leaves (subject to limits in each category ) * ;Free fund transfer facility through RTGS/NEFT/Fast Money /DD Customers of this feature-rich Savings Bank account are also provided with facilities to open Depository account and also enjoy mobile banking facility. Indian bank: Indian Bank has won the ‘Golden Peacock Innovative Products/Service Award’ for 2011. The award was received by the bank’s Chairman and Managing Director, Mr T. M. Bhasin, at the World Congress on Total Quality, held in Bengaluru on Saturday. The award was given to the bank â€Å"in recognition of its contribution to promotion of self help groups (SHGs)†. SHGs have turned out to be major vehicles of women empowerment. In the current year, Indian Bank has so far disbursed Rs 1,360 crore to 55,391 SHGs, taking the total exposure under the SHG portfolio to Rs 2,336 crore, benefiting 175,390 SHGs, says a press release from the bank. State Bank of India: State bank of India, the largest public sector bank in India, offers the following innovative services. 1. SMS Unhappy This innovative idea was initiated by Mr. Siva Kumar, Dy. Managing Director of SBI. Any customer who wants to lodge a complaint sends the message â€Å"Unhappy† to a specified number (8008202020). The Happy Room then calls the customer and records the details of the complaint. The complaint is then forwarded. SBI has received thousands of such messages since its commencement and this service is a great success. Other banks have also started imitating this service. 2. Crorepati Only Branch SBI has launched first of its kind branch for High Networth Individuals (HNI) where it takes minimum Rs 1 crore to open an account, and that too on invitation only. This branch offers specialized banking facilities like relationship managers, 24/7 lockers, extended banking hours, doorstep pick-up and drop facilities, in addition to pampering customers five-star amenities at the branch. â€Å"We have opened as many as 50 accounts so far. We are confident of opening another 150 by the end of the current fiscal,† as per Mr. Shiva Kumar, Chief General Manager, SBI4. According to SBI, an attractive feature of the branch is 24 hour open lockers. The bank also is providing special dressing rooms for customers to cater to the needs of late night function goers segment. References -Y. Ramakrishna, Service Innovation in Banks for Sustainability, IJMBS Vol. 2, Issue 2, April – June 2012 -Indian banking System: Epitome of continuous innovation, 2008. -Process innovation in the Indian banking industry, 2009 Indian Banking Sector: Challenges and Opportunities -Keertiman Sharma, Innovations in rural financial products and services, VOL. 2(1) – 2011: 35-37 -Outsourcing in the Indian banking sector: gaining momentum, 2008 -Innovation in retail banking -India PRWIRE, South Indian bank launches another innovative convenience product, 2008 -Vortex engineering, Solar power to enable banking and ATM facilities for rur al india, 2011 -J U Ahmed, Services Rendered by Commercial Bank: A Customer Oriented empirical Evidence from State Bank of India, Vol. I No. – 2, Jan-2011 ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Service Innovation in Banks for Sustainability [ 2 ]. technology in banking: Insight and foresight [ 3 ]. Indian banking system: epitome of continuous improvement [ 4 ]. Solar power to enable banking and ATM facilities for Rural  India [ 5 ]. Y. Ramakrishna, Service Innovation in Banks for Sustainability, IJMBS Vol. 2, Issue 2, April – June 2012 How to cite Creativity and Innovation in Indian Banks, Essay examples

Undergraduate Report of Bangor University (B.U.).

Abstract The purpose of this report is to obtain a view of the students who are already enrolled at Bangor University (B.U.). This is concerning their study experience at the University.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Undergraduate Report of Bangor University (B.U.). specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The findings of this study will be a useful aid in the future admission of other students. The new students would have acquired enough information concerning the study at the University. The report will help students to understand the purpose and their presence in the University. They will obtain enough information of what is required of them in their studies. Is important for them, to have knowledge about the University in advance, this should be before their admission. This report gives some information from three main areas: exams, presentation, and writing by asking students who are already studied for 1st year a bout their study experience in the University during their studies. A questionnaire has been used in data collection as a methodology of data collection. Samples were taken randomly from the 1st year students who have completed the first year of their studies. The results are tabulated and bar graph has been used for analysis. There are some recommendations which have been made following the analyzed data. Introduction In this report the focus is in finding out about the life at the B.U. and how the students relate to the academic life in the University. There are many areas in the University which can affect the general life and the academic life of a student. Bangor is a great University and is found all over the city. Most parts are within and you can walk from one place to the other. Each department has a library which has a connection to it, computer equipment and the facilities and a general room. There are different halls. Some are new while others are old. Some of the halls which are old are good because they have bid rooms.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More First years must get a place and it is not unusual for 2nd and 3rd years to be able to stay in halls if they want to. All the rooms are single-roomed; some have data-points and showers whilst others have facilities common. The main site has computer rooms for the whole site, whilst the other halls have a few computers in the hall itself (Goodson and Sikes 2001). The course is of great value even if a lot of effort is needed especially at the end of the term. Outside of lectures there are Practical work which has to be done and write up and tutorials to go through questions in smaller groups (Elgersman 2005). The exams are not too long, shorter than some of the A-level ones. Most sports are catered to, and many are more sedate ranging from Drama to Beer drinking. The countryside has a very great aesthet ic value and the snow crowns it all. This does give Bangor its only drawback: the number of hills. Though, it is a brilliant place to study (Fitzpatrick 2011). Having have given that small detail about the University, I can say that the main reason for doing this study is to provide enough information which will be useful to the incoming students both from within the country and for the international students. Aim The objective of this study is to make a study on the students’ views about B.U. These are those who have at least completed their 1st year, concerning study and general life at the university. The report look at the views of the students and this information is then analyzed to get the overall view of the students about their study life at Bangor University. Methodology of the study This study has been done using the questionnaires. Some samples have been collected to be used in the study. Random samples were collected from the students who have completed their 1st year of study at the University. This was a target group because being a bit new in the University, this group of students could be having keen interest in knowing more about the University hence the could in a better position to provide reliable information (Scee 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Undergraduate Report of Bangor University (B.U.). specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The random sampling was done to avoid collection of biased data. The data collection was carried out inside the B.U. This is because most of the 1st year students reside within the University and this could make data collection much easier hence saving on the time and the cost of data collection. Some questions were used in order to obtain accurate and reliable information. The number of the students who gave information on the questionnaire was 10 and was samples randomly (McBride 1996). Results All the 10 students gave some gener al comment about the studies and life at B.U. concerning the exams, presentation and writing, general comments were good average and bad. The number and the general response are given in form of a table in order to make an easy analysis of the general response. The general responses to the exam, presentation and writing questions is given in the table below Response from students in (%) exams presentation writing Good 50 70 80 Average 40 25 10 bad 10 5 10 Analysis This was analyzed using a graph as shown below. In the exams part, about half of the students sampled feel that the exams are good. On average stand were about 40% and only few thought that exams are bad or hard. Many students sampled felt that presentations were good. About 25% thought that the presentations were average and only 5% did not like the presentations.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many students like the writing work and very few are on average or think the writing work is not good. Comparing the exams, presentations and the writing work, many students felt that the writing work is good followed by the presentations and then the exams (Curran 1984). Discussion It is evident that many students at the University do not like exams very much. They prefer writing work and presentations. This could be due to the fact that most students don’t take enough time to prepare for the exams hence developing that negative attitude towards the exams. Hence it is very important for any student considering joining B.U. to learn to plan their time well so that they could have enough time for the exams preparation. Presentations are liked by many students. This could be due to adequate computer facilities in the University hence the students don’t find it difficult to prepare for their presentations. This is a very important source of information for the incoming st udents. They don’t have to worry about the accessibility to the computer facilities because the resource is well established at the B.U. Writing is rated very high compared to the exams and the presentations. This could be due to many reference materials which are at the University library. The new students and those purposing to come to the University should be aware of the good study materials at the University which can be utilized. The exams, presentations and writing are the different parts in learning which all students must be involved in. Hence all the students have a part to play in striving to have a positive attitude towards learning. This information should be clear enough to all the incoming students so that they should set their attitude right from the very beginning of their studies. And this will be well reflected in the exams taken and in the assignments. In this discussion is important to give a brief history of the university which will be a very useful pie ce of information for the new students at B.U. The University of Bangor was established in the 19th century. This was meant to offer higher education in Bangor. Currently there are many students and teaching and other members of the University staff. Dr David Roberts said: â€Å"It records the highs and lows, the successes and crises, the achievements and challenges in the University’s history (Fitzpatrick 2011). The University of Bangor has many opportunities which can be exploited by the students and the aspiring students. Academic life can be hard average or difficult to students. This will be determined by the organization of the student and time management. There are many exams, Presentations and assignments which are to be done by the students (Gyorgy 1998). Recommendation Before coming to the University I would recommend the new students to: Know about the student life and accommodation in the University Be aware of the assignment deadlines and how they should meet t hem Know the time they are supposed to meet their tutors and attending the lectures Know how to deal with the exams pressure and be able to organize themselves well To be aware of the examination schedule and how teachings are conducted What is expected of every student concerning the academics The history of the B.U and administration of the University What are the major factors which lead students to have attitude towards exams Be aware of the University location in the city and the surrounding environment (Roberts 2004). Conclusion In conclusion we can say that the students at Bangor University have different views concerning the academic life at the University. There are those who like or dislike the exams. There are those who like the presentations more than writing the assignments. Therefore this study has been effectively done. It has shown the different aspects of academic life at Bangor University. This information is very vital to the students who in one way or the other are considering pursuing their studies at the University. They will have a general knowledge of what they expect to see at B.U and what will be expected of them. The new students will therefore not waste any of their precious time so as to avoid a great rush in exam preparation and the pressure which cones with the exams. For a well organized and a focused student, life at B.U can be very comfortable and the students can achieve their set goals without much struggle. B.U can provide a very suitable studying environment for both local and the international students. In case of any difficulties in the revision for the exams, students can consult the teaching staff. There is great assistance which can be offered to them hence there will be reduced negativity in studies. Reference List Curran, M., 1984. Antiphonary of Bangor and the Early Irish Monastic Liturgy. Dublin: Irish Academic. Elgersman, L., 2005. Black Bangor: African Americans in a Maine Community, 1880- 1950. Durham: Univers ity of New Hampshire Press. Fitzpatrick, J., 2011. A History Based on the Life of an Academic Librarian. New York: Kindle Edition. Goodson, I.F. and Sikes, P., 2001. Life History Research in Educational Settings: Learning from Lives. Buckingham: Open University Press. Gyorgy, P., 1998. Academia and State Socialism: Essays on the Political History of Academic Life in. Post-1945 Hungary and East Central Europe. New York: Highland Lakes. McBride, J., 1996. The Color of Water: A Black Man’s Tribute to His White Mother. New York: Riverhead Books. Roberts, B., 2004. Bangor University, A study of the University. New York: Kindle Edition. Scee, K., 2010. Bangor City on the Penobscot, a Comprehensive History of Bangor. Bangor: The History Press. Appendix The questionnaire appeared as shown below QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire is being used to collect information for a report on the student academic experience of undergraduate students at Bangor University. What Subject Degree are yo u studying at BU? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. What year of your course are you in? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Which country do you come from? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Part One (Exams) How much percentage of course grade is the exams? How many exams is there a term? What types of exams do you do? For example: presentation or timed essay exam. Please explain _____________________________ (please write down) For what reasons could you fail the exams? If you fail the exams then what happens next? Have you ever missed an exam? If students miss an exam what should they do? Part Two (Presentation) Is giving presentations nec essary on this course? How many presentations in a term? How long is each presentation? How important is presentations for assessment? What kind of presentation do students do? ââ€" ¡in group ââ€" ¡alone ââ€" ¡others__________________ (please write down) Part Three (Writing) What types of writing is important in 1st year? ââ€" ¡Report ââ€" ¡ Essay ââ€" ¡ e-mail ââ€" ¡others ___________________(please write down) How long are the essays in 1st year? How often must you use your e-mail to contact your tutor? ââ€" ¡everyday ââ€" ¡once a week ââ€" ¡when I have homework ââ€" ¡others_____________________ (please write down) How often do you have essay homework? ââ€" ¡once a week ââ€" ¡1-3 a month ââ€" ¡others___________________ (please write down) How long to complete your essay? ________________________ (please write down) This essay on Undergraduate Report of Bangor University (B.U.). was written and submitted by user Charlotte D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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A Revisionist perspective of the election of Thomas Jefferson essays

A Revisionist perspective of the election of Thomas Jefferson essays Consensus historians paint Thomas Jefferson as the great father of democracy, referring to his election to the presidency as the revolution of 1800. In actuality, Thomas Jefferson was an inconsistent man, who was philosophically against the Federalists, but who did not bring about any significant political or ideological changes during his presidency. Recently, revisionist historians have begun to question the notion of Jefferson as the representative of the common man. Many of these historians now agree that Jeffersons life was wrought with contradictions, and that his policies, as a president, actually reflected a synthesis of the Federalist and Republican ideologies. We are all republicans, we are all federalists, Jefferson stated in his first inaugural address. Many Americans were shocked to hear those words come out of the same mouth that had supported the bloody conflicts of the French Revolution years before. Jeffersons many political theories, and personal letters, sometimes reflected an interest in the common man and democracy, while his actual practices were drastically different. Politically, the Jeffersonian party was insecure and inconsistent. After being elected president, Jefferson did nothing to increase the level of democracy in the government. Traditionally, the Jeffersonian movement and the Republican Party have been seen as anti-capitalist, promoting the interests of the common man, and favoring a strict interpretation of the constitution. The Hamiltonian movement and the Federalist Party represented the elite capitalist class, favoring a concentration of power in the State, and a loose interpretation of the constitution. Revisionist historians have argued against this view. They argue that the Jeffersonian and Hamiltonian movements are not significantly different, but rather each represents different factions of elites. There are numerous examples that show the ac...

How Many Words in a Novel The ULTIMATE Guide To Novel Length

How Many Words in a Novel The ULTIMATE Guide To Novel Length How Long Should Your Novel Be? Our Editors Have the Answers With NaNoWriMo around the corner, many authors are gearing up to weave worlds, characters, and stories into novels with their words. But†¦ how many words does a novel make? And when it comes to creating art, just how important is it to stick to the rules - such as standard word counts?Well, if your goal is to publish and sell your novel, those rules are pretty darn important. As with many publishing standards, word count guidelines exist for a number of reasons - including marketing and sales - but also to help create stories that are free from plot or pacing issues that can exhaust readers. You wouldn’t be reading this article right now if a quick scroll down showed an apparent 10,000 words, would you?Why does word count matter?â€Å"Word count limits sometimes seem as though they are stifling artistic flow, but they are usually there for a reason,† says Freelance Editor Lisa Howard.If you’re hoping to land a book deal with a traditional publisher, you d on’t want to give an editor a reason to turn your book away. That’s why Freelance Editor Jessica Hatch urges you to follow their rules. â€Å"In the New York agencies I worked for, it was rare to see a 120,000-word manuscript avoid the slush pile. This is because we were groomed to understand that, even if a long manuscript is strong from start to finish, it would take considerable work to convince an editor to buy it at auction.† To bend or not to bend the rulesWe said it already, but it's worth repeating: authors should not underestimate the value of staying within standard word counts. Editors in traditional publishing houses believe that it’s easier to market books that meet genre expectations, and if you’re hunting for a book deal or for an agent, you want to eliminate any reason for them to push your manuscript to the side.This sentiment acknowledged, these days self-publishing has given authors the ability to play around with the rules. A good example of this is is John McCrae’s (aka Wildbow’s) novel, Worm, which was published as a web serial and is 1.75 million words long. And - in the vein of four-letter titles that start with â€Å"W† - there’s Hugh Howey’s Wool, which was originally self-published as a series of e-novellas.While sticking to standard word counts is definitely important from a sales or marketing standpoint, a greater pool of publishin g options means that writers do not need to view â€Å"the rules† as entirely rigid and unbendable - especially when going against the grain ultimately serves the story. As Kelly Lydick, advises, â€Å"Adhering to standard word counts can be important - but even more important than that is the telling of a good story. Even better - a great story.†What are your thoughts on publishing standards, such as word counts? Share your thoughts in the comments below.

Management appreciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management appreciation - Essay Example Is a forecasting tool that is used to comprehend the Strengths of a particular organization its Weaknesses, Opportunities, and involved Threats (BHC 1999). It includes identifying the objective of that particular business or organization and specifying the internal and external aspects that are supportive or unfavorable towards achieving that objective. SWOT is also used during the process of strategic planning. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats make up the acronym SWOT (Austrainer 1999). The SWOT Matrix Model at first sight this might look like a simple and easy model to apply, but to do an effective and meaningful SWOT analysis, one requires time and a significant input and requires teamwork since it cannot be done by just one person effectively (PMI- Plus, Minus, Interesting 1999). The decisions of managers of any business are affected by various macro environmental factors. PESTEL analysis describes suitable framework of these factors to be used in the environmental scanning section of strategic management (Havergal & Edmonstone 1999). PESTEL is an acronym for political, economic, social, technological, and legal analysis. These factors can be categorized into: Political factors, economic factors, Social factors, technological factors, environmental factors and legal factors: An executive assistant is the epicenter of a number of managerial duties that fall under the senior management executives. His/her duties include managing a wide range of administrative tasks such as; scheduling, prioritizing of tasks, representative of the executive, executes the executive’s instructions among others (Parkinson 1993). SWOT and PESTEL techniques help the executive assistant to come up with useful procedure for evaluating the environmental forces on the team or an organization (Boone & Kurtz 1992). It also helps in researching information for future predictions revolving

Diversity of Islamic ruling in the Practice of Islamic Finance Essay

Diversity of Islamic ruling in the Practice of Islamic Finance Industry - Essay Example Comparative Analysis on the Sources of Islamic Sharia The Islamic law governs the religious sector, the social aspects, and also the financial as well as economic aspects of the Muslim society. The Sharia is wide and was made on the basis of the life of Prophet Mohammed by the Muslim scholars. The Islamic law influences the legal code in the Muslim communities. This is a set of laws and also regulations that are put to rule the Islamic countries. The sharia law applies in the areas like custody, the personal status including marriages and divorces, inheritances, and the economy of the Islamic society (Letha 2011). The word sharia further means ‘path’ in the Islamic community. It means the set guidelines that rule all the areas of a Muslim individual. This includes the daily routine of an individual, the religious sector, and also the financial aspects of the Muslim society. The laws are from the life experiences and lessons, teachings, and practices of the prophet Mohammed. The past and the current Muslim community apply th ese precedents and the analogy from the book to address issues that affect the Islamic society (Johnson & Vriens 2011). The law developed from the prophet who acted as a role model for the Muslim community. The Muslim scholars developed also the ‘hadith.’ This sharia law is currently used by the population in the north and west parts of Africa and also on the eastern parts of china (Johnson & Vriens 2011).... The sharia law applies in the areas like custody, the personal status including marriages and divorces, inheritances, and the economy of the Islamic society (Letha 2011). The word sharia further means ‘path’ in the Islamic community. It means the set guidelines that rule all the areas of a Muslim individual. This includes the daily routine of an individual, the religious sector, and also the financial aspects of the Muslim society. The laws are from the life experiences and lessons, teachings, and practices of the prophet Mohammed. The past and the current Muslim community apply these precedents and the analogy from the book to address issues that affect the Islamic society (Johnson & Vriens 2011). The law developed from the prophet who acted as a role model for the Muslim community. The Muslim scholars developed also the ‘hadith.’ This sharia law is currently used by the population in the north and west parts of Africa and also on the eastern parts of china (Johnson & Vriens 2011). The Quran contains a compilation of the life and the practices of prophet Mohammed. Islamic law is also referred to as the Sharia in the Arabic and in the Muslim community. It is regarded as a deep and also a rich form of intellectual tradition. The Islamic law is replete with well-developing schools of thought. The tradition encompasses scholarly tomes and detail analysis with principles, texts, and other proofs. The Islamic jurisprudence in Arabic is fiqh, from understanding. It signifies the efforts of legal specialists to interpret the Sharia and apply it to particular human circumstances. A train expiry in jurisprudence is referred to as a faqih and is often when addressing the faqih it goes with the honorific

To investigate the temperature change in a displacement reaction between Copper Sulphate Solution and Zinc Powder :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

To investigate the temperature change in a displacement reaction between Copper Sulphate Solution and Zinc Powder Preliminary Experiment: Correlating Magnesium Powder and Copper Sulphate Solution ========================================================= I will mix 4cm of Magnesium ribbon and 50cm ³ of Copper Sulphate Solution into a polystyrene cup until I find a reaction. =============================================================== Prediction ========== The magnesium will displace the copper and the temperature will rise. Magnesium + Copper Sulphate †  Copper + Magnesium ------------------------------------------------ Mg + CuSO4 †  Cu + MgSO4 Hypothesis ========== The Magnesium will displace the Copper and rise in temperature because it is more reactive and it is an exothermic reaction. Results ======= Start Temperature 22 °C End Temperature 28 °C Rise In Temperature 6 °C This preliminary experiment was very useful because it is clear that there was a very small rise in temperature. This can be solved by using the powdered form of metal, that can be used to increase the surface area. Main Experiment: ================ Correlating Zinc and Copper Sulphate Solution ============================================= Prediction ========== I predict that the zinc will displace the copper to become zinc sulphate. --------------------------------------------------------------- Zinc + Copper Sulphate Zinc Sulphate + Copper I predict that the copper sulphate will only partially be heated during the reaction depending on the mass of zinc added to the solution of 50ml3. I predict that this reaction of the zinc and copper sulphate will be exothermic, therefore it will produce it’s own heat. I predict that the zinc powder will release more heat than zinc ribbon. I predict that the more zinc added to this reaction, the more the temperature would become up to a certain point. I predict that the temperature will increase when adding more zinc until a certain mass of zinc is reached. If more zinc is added when the ‘peak’ has been reached, then the temperature will decrease. Hypothesis ========== The copper will be displaced because zinc is higher in the reactivity series than copper therefore zinc is more reactive. The copper sulphate solution will only partially be heated during the reaction because there is not enough zinc to react with all of the copper depending on the mass of zinc. This reaction will be exothermic because all the heat will be given off in this reaction. The zinc powder will release more heat than zinc ribbon due to the powder having a larger surface area. The peak temperature is when there is about enough zinc to react with the copper sulphate. Any less zinc and it would not react as much producing less heat. Any more zinc would leave excess amounts, which would be harder to heat up and will reduce temperatures.

Food Allergies

Food allergy is a reaction from the response of the immune system. It is a reaction to fight the harmful ingredient in the food. Food allergies vary between infants, children, and adults. The sign and symptoms for food allergies can show reactions that are minor to severe. Treatment for food allergies depend on the signs and symptoms. In infants and young children, they have reactions to milk or soy milk if they are allergic to it. Allergies to milk or soy formula (a milk substitute made from soybeans) sometimes occur in infants and young children. These early allergies sometimes do not involve the usual hives or asthma but rather can cause symptoms resembling infantile colic, and perhaps blood in the stool, or poor growth† (Stoppler). The reaction of food allergy in infants is monitored to see if there are any changes in the infants’ diet. The symptoms for children and adults are somewhat similar but with a different pattern.According to Stoppler: In adults, the most co mmon foods that cause allergic reactions are shellfish, such as shrimp, crayfish, lobster, and crab; nuts from trees, such as walnuts; fish; eggs; and peanuts, a legume that is one of the chief foods that cause serious anaphylactic reactions. In children, the most common foods that cause allergic reactions are eggs, milk, peanuts, and fruits, particularly tomatoes and strawberries. Children sometimes outgrow their allergies, but adults usually do not lose theirs. Food allergies happen when the body takes in food with an ingredient that the body cannot handle. It occurs when the body mistakes an ingredient in food – usually a protein – as harmful and creates a defense system (antibodies) to fight it. Food allergy symptoms develop when the antibodies are battling the â€Å"invading† food† (WebMD, Feb 2009). Some people form allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, milk, eggs, soy products, wheat and other products. Food allergies can be mistake for food intolerance. Food intolerance is a response by the digestive system. â€Å"It occurs when something in a food irritates a person’s digestive system or when a person is unable to properly digest or breakdown, the food.Intolerance to lactose, which is found in milk and other dairy products, is the most common food intolerance† (WebMD, Feb 2009). Food intolerance somewhat resembles to food allergies. â€Å"Food intolerance, however, is far more prevalent, occurs in a variety of diseases, and is triggered by several different mechanisms that are distinct from the immunological reaction responsible for food allergy† (Stoppler). Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening reaction for food allergies. â€Å"Anaphylaxis is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen† (MedlinePlus).The signs and symptoms for food allergies vary from minor to severe reactions. It also depends on how much food was consumed for it to trigger the reacti on and time. â€Å"All of the symptoms of food allergy occur within few minutes to an hour of eating† (Stoppler). Some symptoms are rashes, hives, nausea, stomach pain, diarrhea, itchy skin, shortness of breath, chest pain, swelling of the airways to the lungs, and anaphylaxis. The allergic reaction occurs in various ways. â€Å"A food allergy can initially be experienced as an itching in the mouth and difficulty swallowing and breathing.Then, during digestion of the food in the stomach and intestines, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain can start. Incidentally, the gastrointestinal symptoms of food allergy are those that are most often confused with the symptoms of different types of food intolerance† (Stoppler). The symptoms for food intolerance are nausea, stomach pain, gas, cramps, or bloating, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, headaches, irritability, and/or nervousness. One of the severe reactions is anaphylaxis. It is a life-threatening type of allergic reaction. Anaphylactic reactions are severe even when they start off with mild symptoms, such as a tingling in the mouth and throat or discomfort in the abdomen. They can be fatal if not treated quickly† (Stoppler). The symptoms occur from within seconds or minutes. The symptoms are abdominal pain or cramping, abnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds, anxiety, confusion, cough, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, fainting, light-headedness, dizziness, hives, itchiness, nasal congestion, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, skin redness, slurred speech, and wheezing.The signs for anaphylaxis are abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia), fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), hives, low blood pressure, mental confusion, rapid pulse, skin that is blue from lack of oxygen or pale from shock, swelling (angioedema) in the throat that may be severe enough to block the airway, swelling of the eyes and/or eyes, weakness, and wheezing. Treatment for food allergie s are based on the signs and symptoms if the reaction is mild or severe. One needs to start with avoiding the food that triggers the allergen.If the food is avoided, the allergic reaction is avoided. â€Å"Avoiding the offending allergen in the diet is the primary treatment of food allergy. Once a food to which the patient is sensitive has been identified, the food must be removed from the diet† (Stoppler). For those who have mild allergies, nonprescription antihistamine could possibly control the symptoms. If nonprescription antihistamine doesn’t work then a prescribed antihistamine may need to be taken. For severe reactions, one could be treated in the emergency room or be treated by an epinephrine shot.According to WebMD, â€Å"Food Allergies-Treatment Overview†: If you have a severe allergic reaction, your initial treatment may be done in an emergency room or by emergency personnel. You will be given a shot of epinephrine to stop the further release of hista mine and to relax the muscles that help you breathe. You will then be prescribed an allergy kit that contains a syringe of epinephrine and antihistamine tablets. Epinephrine is administered through an auto-injector. It is also known as EpiPen. It is also a treatment to anaphylaxis.According to Stoppler: These individuals also always should carry a syringe of adrenaline (epinephrine [EpiPen]), obtained by prescription from their doctors, and be prepared to self-administer it if they think they are developing an allergic reaction. They then should immediately seek medical help by either calling the rescue squad or having themselves transported to an emergency room. Food allergies can be rated mild to severe in reaction. The reactions can be similar in children and adults but it depends on the time and what food was eaten and how much of it was eaten. Signs and symptoms vary from each person.Food allergies can be mistaken sometimes for food intolerance, food poisoning, and toxic reacti ons. The treatment as well depends on the severity of the reaction if it is a mild reaction to a severe reaction.Works Cited â€Å"Anaphylaxis. † MedlinePlus. 02 May 2010. Web. 22 Oct 2010. <http://www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000817. htm>. â€Å"Food Allergies-Treatment Overview. † WebMD. 09 Mar 2009. Web. 1 Nov 2010. <http://www. webmd. com/allergies/tc/food-allergies-treatment-overview>. â€Å"Is It a Food Allergy or Intolerance? † WebMD. 05 Feb 2009. Web. 22 Oct 2010.

The Strategic Management Process - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1961 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Strategic management is a continuous process of formulating, implementing and controlling broad plans that facilitate an organization in achieving the set objectives. It can also refer as the art and science of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objective. (Bratton, n.d). Strategic management is an ongoing activity and requires an invariable modification among the three traditional poles of a strategic plan including: values of senior management, environment and the resources available. It can also be defined as the set of decisions and actions that determines the long-term performance of an organization. The strategic management process has five steps; mission and goals, environmental analysis, strategic formulation, strategy implementation and strategy evaluation. The strategic management model starts with top management evaluation of organizations current position with respect to its set current mission and goals. The Mission reveal what an organization wants to be and whom it wants to serve and how? Mission Statements are essential for effectively establishing objectives and formulating strategies. Goals are the desired ends sought through the actual operating procedures of the organization and typically describe short-term measurable outcome. Strategic management second step is the environmental analysis which consists of two parts internal assessment and external assessment. Strategic formulation is the third step in the strategic management model which involves making strategic choices and making strategies at three different levels corporate, business and functional. Strategy Implementation the fourth step which means involving employees and managers in order to execute the formulated strategies. It is referred as the most difficult stage of strategic management process. It requires personal discipline and commitment. The final stage in strategic managemen t process is strategy evaluation in which management analyzes the consequences of implemented strategies and controls it by adopting corrective measures. (Bratton, n.d) In diversified business organization, strategic management is applied on different levels of hierarchy based on their strategic needs. The hierarchy of strategy can be classified into three levels as: corporate, business and functional. Corporate-level strategy explains what business we are in? It provides the overall strategic direction in diverse areas of an organization that facilitates in smooth running of its different business units. Business-level strategy focuses on effectiveness and efficiency of a business unit. The basic purpose of this strategy is to take decisions that would make a business unit more competitive in the market place and therefore, it is primarily concern with the process of how do we compete?(Bratton, n.d). Porter (1985) (as cited in Bratton, n.d) had introduced a framework for busines s strategy which is based on three competitive strategies; cost leadership, differentiation and focus. These strategies are worldwide known as Michael Porters Generic strategies. Cost leadership strategy emphasize on producing standardized products at a very low per-unit cost for consumers who are price sensitive. Two alternative cost leadership strategies are classified as Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 can be defined as a low cost strategy that offers products or services to a wide range of customers at a lowest price available in the market. Type 2 can be described as a best value strategy that offers of products and services to a wide range of customer at the best price value on the market. It aims to offer customers a range of products and services at the lowest price available compared to rivals products with similar attributes. Differentiation is a strategy focused at producing products and services considered unique industry wide and intended for consumers who are relatively pric e insensitive. Focus strategy emphasize on producing products and services that fulfill the needs of a small group of consumers. The two alternative of Focus strategies are categorized as Type3 and Type 4. Type 4 is a low cost focus strategy that offers products or services to a small range (niche group) of customers at the lowest price available on the market. Type 5 is a best value focus strategy that offers products or services to a small range of customers at the best price value available on the market. (David, n.d). Miles and Snow (1984) (as cited in Bratton, n.d), identified four levels of business strategies that are called four modes of strategic orientation: defenders, prospectors, analysers and reactors. Defenders are companies with limited product line and management focus on improving the efficiency of their existing operations. Prospectors are companies having broad product lines that focus on product innovation, creativity and market opportunities. Analysers are compa nies that operate in at least two different product areas, one stable and one variable. Reactors are companies that lack a consistent strategy structure culture. Rather than defining a strategy that suit to specific environment, they respond to environmental threats and opportunities in ad hoc fashion. Functional level strategy emphasizes on continue improvement of functions within a business units including: research development, marketing, manufacturing, finance and HR. It has been highlighted with strong emphasize in the several strategic management literature that the synergy among different levels should be present. Therefore, when the strategies at different levels are fully integrated, organization would effectively able to achieve its sets targets. The term strategic human resource management is coined as a result of significant contribution made by management gurus in the field of HRM. Strategic human resource management has some presence in manpower planning literature . Ouchi (1981) and Peter Waterman (1982) (as cited in Bratton n.d) have identified one of the important sources of competitive advantage that an organization can achieve by managing its people effectively. This new direction in search of competitive advantage has open new dimensions for scholars and finally the research work emphasized heavily on the significance of strategic role of human resource management. Since then the prefix strategic has been attached to human resource management (Michael E. Poter, 1996) Competitive strategy is about being different it means consciously choosing a different set of activities to deliver a unique mix of value. Competitive advantage occurs when firm have resource heterogeneity and resources immobility. Firm resource heterogeneity this concept suggests that firms all have the different amount and kind of physical, human and organizational resources and they vary across firms. Firms resource immobility refers that competing firms are enable o btain resources from others. (Jay Barney, 1991) Sustainable Competitive advantage is a value creating strategy not simultaneously being implemented by any current or potential competitors as well as competitors are unable to duplicate the benefits of these strategies. According to Porter, 1985 (as cited in Ulrich, n.d) competitive advantage can be defined as firms ability to generate unique products or services which are valued by users of those products. In search of its sources, executives have come across three traditional means of gaining competitive advantage (economic, strategic technology capabilities). (Jay Barney 1991) Four attributes that gives potential to firm recourses to achieve sustained competitive advantage are: valuable, rareness, imitability and substitutability. Strategies are valuable when they facilitate an organization to envision of or implement strategies that improve efficiencies and effectiveness and recourses are rare when a value creating strategy no t simultaneously implements by large number of other firms, the resources must be imperfectly imitable and it is possible when any firm has one or a combination of three reasons (a) unique historical condition (b) causal ambiguity (c) social complexity, the resources cannot be substituted with another resources by competing firms. (Pankaj Ghemawat, 1986) Sustainable competitive advantage has three categories: size in target market, superior access to resources and restrictions on competitors options. Organizational survival in highly turbulent environment has become the major concern of organizations today. Since last decades, due to the extreme globalization and increased technological influences the business environment has gone through major changes and become the focus of attention. Such changes have emphasized executives to focus on means that help to create and achieve competitive advantage. (Ulrich, n.d). In order to remain competitive and perform effectively in rapidly ch anging environment, decision-makers need to seek out factors that provide organizations sustainable competitive advantage. (Hussain, n.d). According to Porter, 1985 (as cited in Ulrich, n.d) competitive advantage can be defined as firms ability to generate unique products or services which are valued by users of those products. In search of its sources, executives have come across three traditional means of gaining competitive advantage (economic, strategic technology capabilities) (Ulrich Lake 1991; Ulrich 1997). Reviews on traditional means of gaining competitive advantage highlighted that these traditional means may be necessary but not sufficient. Executives have realized that additional sustained competitive advantage lies in recognizing and creating organizational capabilities through better deployment of human resources. (Schuler MacMilan, 1984; Ulrich 1986; Ulrich, n.d). Organizational capability can be defined as firms ability to manage people to gain competitiv e advantage. (Ulrich and Lake, 1991). It focuses on employee commitment and competence. (Ulrich and Lake, 1991). Organizations human resources is prove to be the key differentiating factor in developing future competiveness when traditional sources of competitive advantage are easily imitated. (Hussain, n.d). It is something that is difficult to imitate and hence it creates uniqueness. (Ulrich and Lake, 1991). There are several models to measure organizational capability that include (cited in organizational capability- what does it mean, n.d): Hase and colleagues (2000), Dill and Delahaye (2003).But one the widely used model is EFQM. The model is based on nine criteria: five enablers (leadership, people, policy strategy, resources and processes) and four results (people result, customer result and society result). When organizational capability has become the source of competitive advantage and HR professionals are the driving force behind it, than there is a need to develop new a genda for both HR practices and HR professionals. (Ulrich, 1997). Ulrich emphasized that HR professional who contribute to CA must become strategic business partner and acquired new set of personal and professional competencies. (Ulrich, n.d). The concept of strategic business partnering was introduced by Dave Ulrich in his famous book Human Resource Champions in the mid 1990s. (CIPD, n.d). Human resource business partner is a new emerging role in organizations today. In this capacity HR professionals are the human resource specialists, involved in strategic planning of organization to improve business performance and develop organizational culture. (Dash et al, n.d) Lawler and Boardreu shared their views on HR as strategic business partner and highlighted that in this new role HR is a member of senior management team and is directly involved in the major business decisions of the organization, including the formation of strategy, the design of the organization and the implementa tion of the business model.( Lawler and Boardreu, n.d). It has been observed that, during the past decades HR was solely viewed as administrative support function, involved in processing employee paper work, benefits, maintaining personal files. (Dash et al, n.d). Ulrich (as cited in Lawler and Morhman, 2003) has also highlighted the fact that HR function has been viewed an administrative function led by individuals who was primarily responsible to control cost and look after the administrative affairs. As highlighted by Ulrich, HR is the key to success.( Ulrich, 1997). Several studies have highlighted that HR function has the essence to become a strategic partner and by doing so it would then be a more value-added function. Research by Becker and Huselid (1998) (as cited in Lawler and Morhman, 2003) also identified a relation between HR practices and the performance of an organization. Other studies also highlighted the need and emphasized the fact that due to the increased c ompetition for HR talent, HR must mould itself in strategic business partner role. (Lawler and Morhman, 2003). Ulrich discussed that HR needs to become a strategic business partner. (as cited in Lawler and Morhman, 2003) He has emphasized that the HR function should become strategically proactive, that it needs to go beyond administrative expertise and try to be an expert in three important roles that are strategic business partnership, change management, and employee advocacy. (Ulrich, 1997). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Strategic Management Process" essay for you Create order